Collection Management – IDEA in Collections Annotated Bibliography

Annotated Sources

Baildon, Michelle, Dana Hamlin, Czeslaw Jankowski, Rhonda Kauffman, Julia Lanigan, Michelle Miller, Jessica Venlet, and Ann Marie Willer. “Creating a Social Justice Mindset: Diversity, Inclusion, and Social Justice in the Collections Directorate of the MIT Libraries.” MIT Libraries, 2017. https://dspace.mit.edu/handle/1721.1/108771.

Baildon et al. outline economic, socio-political, and cultural systems of power and oppression from and through which collections emerge, as well as ways for the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Libraries to address these systemic problems. They recommend four broad strategies to bolster diversity, inclusivity, and social justice (DISJ) across the MIT Libraries: (1) reevaluate their scholarly publication subscriptions and vendors, seek out marginalized vendors, and investigate open access alternatives; (2) revise acquisition policies, acquire marginalized communities’ materials, hire staff trained to work with marginalized communities’ materials, and use inclusive language in material descriptions; (3) partner with the community, support groups advancing DISJ values, and connect with students to promote information sciences; and (4) build an organizational infrastructure for DISJ within the library by promoting DISJ events, providing trainings, celebrating successes, and systematically reviewing policies, procedures, and dependencies to evaluate whether they contribute to or detract from DISJ values.

Bledsoe, Kara, Danielle Cooper, Roger Schonfeld, and Oya Y. Rieger. Leading by Diversifying Collections: A Guide for Academic Library Leadership. Ithaka S+R, November 9, 2022. https://doi.org/10.18665/sr.317833.

In this Ithaka S+R research report, Bledsoe, Cooper, Schonfeld, and Rieger offer a guide, with examples, takeaways, and exercises, for academic library administrators to advance diversity, equity, and inclusion (DEI) values in their collections. The authors outline the process of setting goals, identifying stakeholders, guiding strategies, and tracking process (“Creating the process”); evaluating collections, identifying gaps, and determining which materials to reframe or remove (“Shaping the collection”); securing funds and resources as well as appropriately allocating that money and support (“Allocating resources”); and setting concrete goals while fostering a healthy cultural attitude to ongoing DEI work in collections (“Reaching ‘the end’”). The report concludes with an extensive current bibliography of “resources for further reading,” along with a list of well-known library administrators and collections managers interviewed by the authors.

Caswell, Michelle. Urgent Archives: Enacting Liberatory Memory Work. New York: Routledge, 2021. https://doi.org/10.4324/9781003001355.

Urgent Archives reckons with how pervasive and intertwined oppressive and violent practices are within Western archives. Caswell takes us through four chapters that introduce us to how harmful practices and epistemologies are endemic to archival work, how community archives are responding to and working against harmful practices to make archives representative and restorative, and finally how archives can become liberatory and reparative spaces as well as how archivists can work toward those outcomes. Caswell’s book interrogates archival assumptions, policies, and practices in the hope of finding frameworks that move from longstanding violence and erasure toward the possibilities of community archives and community engagement.

Caswell, Michelle, Alda Allina Migoni, Noah Geraci, and Marika Cifor. “‘To Be Able to Imagine Otherwise’: Community Archives and the Importance of Representation.” Archives and Records 38, no. 1 (2017): 5–26. https://doi.org/10.1080/23257962.2016.1260445.

Caswell, Migoni, Geraci, and Cifor advance a new framework for recognizing and quantifying the impact of community archives on marginalized communities. They do so by analyzing interviews with administrators and staff across Southern California. These interviews inspired the authors’ tripartite framework: a person from a marginalized community finds themselves represented within the archive (ontological), members of a marginalized community find themselves represented (epistemological), and members of a marginalized community feel they belong in the archive (social). These three concepts combined result in “representational belonging,” in which marginalized persons and communities feel represented by and a part of the archive. On the other hand, symbolic annihilation refers to underrepresentation or misrepresentation of a marginalized community in archives and culture. Community archives’ largest impact, then, is their ability to work against symbolic annihilation through representational belonging.

Caswell, Michelle, and Marika Cifor. “From Human Rights to Feminist Ethics: Radical Empathy in the Archives.” Archivaria 81 (Spring 2016): 23–43. https://muse.jhu.edu/article/687705.

Caswell and Cifor propose a pivot from the rights-based framework used to discuss social justice in archives in favor of a method based in a feminist ethics of care—in particular, based on the practice of radical empathy. A feminist ethics of care shifts toward a reparative and restorative approach that has been elided in rights-based frameworks; it leans on ideas of community and mutual obligation rather than individualism, and it recognizes that injustice is intersectional, is macro and micro, and pervades the public and private. As such, it provides a natural pathway to a more affective and empathetic approach to the work of archives. Empathy can interconnect archivists and materials and bridge the archive and the community, inviting archivists and institutions to partner with the creators of and the communities represented in materials.

Jahnke, Lori M., Kyle Tanaka, and Christopher A. Palazzolo. “Ideology, Policy, and Practice: Structural Barriers to Collections Diversity in Research and College Libraries.” College & Research Libraries 83, no. 2 (2022): 166–183. https://crl.acrl.org/index.php/crl/article/view/25342/33207.

Jahnke, Tanaka, and Palazzolo examine the ideologies and practices that undermine efforts to assess and advance collection diversity in libraries. Issues with collection diversity are pervasive in libraries. The authors argue that issues with description, usage reports, staffing and expertise, and budget all hinder collection diversity. These issues are exacerbated by libraries’ struggles to define what constitutes a diverse collection. Suggestions for addressing these fiscal, ideological, and systemic issues include to stay aware of and work against biases when indexing materials, to read and embody as praxis what can be learned from current research on social justice, to engage with usage or other collection data critically to avoid further marginalizing voices, to hire diverse staff and encourage the development of expertise, and to find creative or collaborative uses for libraries’ limited budgets. Tackling structural barriers may offer libraries ways of working toward more diverse collections and supporting that work for years to come.

Kristick, Laurel. “Diversity Literary Awards: A Tool for Assessing an Academic Library’s Collection.” Collection Management 45, no. 2 (2020): 151–161. https://doi.org/10.1080/01462679.2019.1675209.

Kristick investigates the possibility of using literary award lists to address gaps in collections of books by and about underrepresented groups. Collecting book lists from a range of sources, including the Black Caucus of the American Library Association, the Association for Asian American Studies, and the Native American Literature Symposium, Kristick searched for these books within her institution’s holdings. The findings give Kristick an understanding of how much literature her institution has from an underrepresented group as well as the number and type of publishers from which they acquire materials. The author found that her institution’s acquisition policies were reflected in its holdings, most of which came from scholarly or university presses rather than more prominent and diverse publishers. Her analysis highlights the need to update collection development policies, review the publishers from which libraries acquire materials, prioritize presses that publish diverse materials, and receive the benefits of adding diverse book award lists to any collection review or acquisition process. Doing so works toward diversifying any collection’s materials to better represent literature by or about marginalized communities.

Luke, Stephanie M., Sara Pezzoni, and Whitney Russell. “Towards More Equitable, Diverse, and Inclusive Representation in Metadata and Digitization: A Case Study.” The Serials Librarian 82, nos. 1-4 (2022): 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361526X.2022.2040241.

Luke, Pezzonoi, and Russell detail their experience at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) Libraries to revise digitization and metadata workflows to provide access to underrepresented voices within their collections in the wake of the Black Lives Matter movement. As part of this work, the authors worked on a committee to address issues surrounding digitization, metadata, and access, including suggesting goals for future work to increase diversity, equity, and access in UTA’s holdings. To do so, the committee identified and prioritized marginalized representations in their holdings for digitization, suggested gaps to be addressed by future acquisitions, defined harmful language in the libraries’ digital collections and catalog and reviewed other institutions’ approaches as references for how to correct language, and created a framework and procedure for reviewing content and language used in research guides and finding aids annually.

O’Neal. Jennifer R. “‘The Right to Know’: Decolonizing Native American Archives.” Journal of Western Archives 6, no. 1 (2015): Article 2. https://doi.org/10.26077/fc99-b022.

O’Neal details efforts to decolonize collections and archives, particularly in the American West. Following Vine Deloria’s “The Right to Know” (1978) as an evaluative framework, she surveys reparative work done to decolonize archives and reconnect Native American communities to their documents, working against archival exclusion, both physically and materially. She also documents efforts to develop Native American archives by and for the community as well as advocacy for the training of Native American librarians and archivists. O’Neal advocates for the inclusion of Native Americans in processing and maintaining their communities’ records and for recognition of the limitations of Western archival theoretical frameworks for Native American collections. She also suggests combining archival theory and processing with the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). O’Neal underscores the necessity of access, collaboration, healing, reconciliation, and restoration for decolonization to succeed.

Powell, Chaitra, Holly Smith, Shanee’ Murrain, and Shyla Hearn. “This [Black] Woman’s Work: Exploring Archival Projects that Embrace the Identity of the Memory Worker.” KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies 2, no. 1 (2018): Article 5. https://doi.org/10.5334/kula.25.

Powell, Smith, Murrain, and Hearn look through their experiences as Black women archivists in distinct organizations to uncover ways that archives, institutions, and the archival profession can support and sustain Black community archives. They approach this exploration in four sections: advocacy, collaboration, truth, and agency. Each reflects a central approach in each respective author’s experience with Black archives. Each finds ways of connecting the Black community to the archive, involving voices typically erased from or excluded from participating in shaping collection procedures or exhibition curation, for example. This work can be reparative and restorative, though as the authors acknowledge, the work is ongoing. What is required is organizations reassessing and adjusting themselves to partner with Black communities and intentionally re-invest in community relationships fiscally, procedurally, and ideologically.

Thorpe, Kirsten. “Transformative Praxis – Building Spaces for Indigenous Self-Determination in Libraries and Archives.” In the Library with the Lead Pipe: An Open Access, Open Peer Reviewed Journal. January 23, 2019. https://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2019/transformative-praxis/.

Thorpe shows a possible way toward decolonizing and Indigenizing libraries and archives as well as their practices. In particular, Thorpe advocates for Indigenous self-determination in libraries and archives, enabling Indigenous persons to participate in and influence historical narratives, protocols, and representation. Drawing on Martin Nakata’s Indigenous Standpoint Theory and Cultural Interface, autoethnography, and Indigenous critical theory, Thorpe encourages libraries and archives to apply Indigenous research methodologies critically; adopt the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a framework for policy and project changes; seek input from communities on programming, research, and protocols as well as what to prioritize when decolonizing and Indigenizing collections; critically reflect on and decolonize organizational structures; ethically engage with Indigenous communities on decision-making; commit to the hard work of reallocating labor, time, and resources to decolonize and Indigenize collections; and advocate for professional associations to incorporate Indigenous perspectives.

Morales, Myrna, Em Claire Knowles, and Chris Bourg. “Diversity, Social Justice, and the Future of Libraries.” Portal: Libraries and the Academy 14, no. 3 (2014): 439–451. https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2014.0017.

In this essay, Morales, Knowles, and Bourg advocate for academic libraries and library staff to ramp up diversity and social justice efforts within their institutional environments and in partnership with the increasingly diverse communities they serve. Pointing out that library practices reinforce existing structures of inequity and privilege, the authors note key priorities, including increasing demographic diversity in predominantly white and female librarianship and developing social justice praxis in collection development and classification and other areas. The Yvonne Pappenheim Library on Racism in Boston is presented as a case study of community engagement and grassroots social justice work. Sweeping in its recommendations, this influential essay is widely cited in the library literature.

Kauffman, Rhonda Y., and Anderson. Martina S. “Diversity, Inclusion, and Social Justice in Library Technical Services.” In Library Technical Services: Adapting to a Changing Environment, ed. Stacey Marien, 213–237. Purdue University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvs1g8h5.

In this book chapter, Kauffman and Anderson draw on initiatives by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Libraries to advance diversity, inclusion, and social justice (DISJ) across the libraries’ collections work. The authors begin by discussing the DISJ framework as developed at MIT Libraries and how it applies to technical services. They discuss how management can empower technical services staff to enhance the ways in which the library collects and makes discoverable content by or about underrepresented groups through not merely splashy special projects but also routine back-of-house labor (e.g., incorporating non–Library of Congress vocabularies into cataloging practices). The chapter features job profiles for metadata specialists, acquisitions assistants, technical services managers, and other staff in an effort to “provide concrete examples for how technical services staff can apply these visionary ideas to their daily job activities.”

Additional Resources

Adler, Melissa. “Classification along the Color Line: Excavating Racism in the Stacks.” Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies 1, no. 1 (2017): 1–32. https://doi.org/DOI: 1024242/JCLIS.V1I1.17.

admin. “Diverse Collections: An Interpretation of the Library Bill of Rights.” Text. Advocacy, Legislation & Issues, July 26, 2006. http://www.ala.org/advocacy/intfreedom/librarybill/interpretations/diversecollections.

Alex Brown (they/them) [@QueenOfRats]. “There Absolutely Is a Difference. We Serve Individuals but Pretend They Are the Community.” Tweet. Twitter, August 18, 2021. https://twitter.com/QueenOfRats/status/1427985206976253956.

American Philosophical Society. “Protocols for the Treatment of Indigenous Materials,” November 2017. https://www.amphilsoc.org/sites/default/files/2017-11/attachments/APS%20Protocols.pdf.

Baildon, Michelle. “Extending the Social Justice Mindset: Implications for Scholarly Communication.” College & Research Libraries News 79, no. 4 (2018): 176–79. https://doi.org/10.5860/crln.79.4.176.

Baildon, Michelle, Rhonda Y. Kauffman, Melissa Feiden, Greta Kuriger Suiter, Donald Long, and Jacob Higgins. “Case Study: MIT Libraries Collections: Future of Academic Library Print Collections,” 2017.

Berry, Dorothy. “The House Archives Built.” up//root, June 22, 2021. https://www.uproot.space/features/the-house-archives-built.

Big Ten Academic Alliance Libraries. “Library Accessibility: Toolkit and Standardized License Language from the BTAA.” Accessed May 17, 2023. https://btaa.org/library/reports.

Blackburn, Fiona. “The Intersection Between Cultural Competence and Whiteness in Libraries.” In the LIbrary with the Lead Pipe (blog), December 1, 2015. https://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2015/culturalcompetence/.

Bledsoe, Kara, Danielle Cooper, Roger Schonfeld, and Oya Y. Rieger. “Leading by Diversifying Collections: A Guide for Academic Library Leadership.” Ithaka S+R, November 9, 2022. https://doi.org/10.18665/sr.317833.

Brilmyer, Gracen. “‘They Weren’t Necessarily Designed with Lived Experiences of Disability in Mind’: The Affect of Archival In/Accessibility and ‘Emotionally Expensive’ Spatial Un/Belonging.” Archivaria, no. 94 (December 14, 2022): 120–53. https://doi.org/10.7202/1094878ar.

Brimhall-Vargas, Mark. “Where the Rubber Meets the Road: The Role of Libraries and Librarians in Bringing Equitable Access to Marginalized Communities.” The Library Quarterly, Diversity and Library Information Science Education, 85, no. 2 (April 2015): 193–99. https://doi.org/10.1086/680157.

Briscoe, Laura, Mare Nazaire, J. Ryan Allen, Janelle Baker, Aliya Donnell Davenport, Janet Mansaray, Carol Ann McCormick, McKenna Santiago Coyle, and Michaela Schmull. “Shining Light on Labels in the Dark: Guidelines for Offensive Collections Materials.” Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 18, no. 4 (December 2022): 506–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/15501906221130535.

Brown, Richard Harvey, and Beth Davis-Brown. “The Making of Memory: The Politics of Archives, Libraries and Museums in the Construction of National Consciousness.” History of the Human Sciences 11, no. 4 (November 1, 1998): 17–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/095269519801100402.

Carter, Lisa R. “Articulating Value: Building a Culture of Assessment in Special Collections.” Journal of Rare Books, Manuscripts, and Cultural Heritage 13, no. 2 (2012): 89–99.

Castron, Melissa M. “Colonialism, Computerized: The Canada Land Inventory and the Canada Geographic Information System at Library and Archives Canada.” Archivaria, no. 93 (June 9, 2022): 136–61. https://doi.org/10.7202/1089689ar.

Caswell, Michelle. “Teaching to Dismantle White Supremacy in Archives.” The Library Quarterly 87, no. 3 (July 2017): 222–35. https://doi.org/10.1086/692299.

Caswell, Michelle, and Marika Cifor. “From Human Rights to Feminist Ethics: Radical Empathy in the Archives.” Archivaria 81 (Spring 2016): 23–43.

Chiricuzio, Sossity. “‘An Ethical Imperative’: Expanding Accessibility in Libraries at NC State.” Library Journal, February 9, 2023. https://www.libraryjournal.com/story/an-ethical-imperative-expanding-accessibility-in-libraries-at-nc-state.

Christen, Kimberly. “Opening Archives: Respectful Repatriation.” Edited by Mary Pugh. The American Archivist 74, no. 1 (April 2011): 185–210. https://doi.org/10.17723/aarc.74.1.4233nv6nv6428521.

Chung, Yun Shun Susie. “Collections of Historical Markers and Signage and Public Programming Online at Public History Institutions Such as Museums and Archives.” Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 13, no. 3–4 (September 2017): 243–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/155019061701303-404.

“Disrupting Whiteness in Libraries and Librarianship: A Reading List.” Accessed February 2, 2023. https://www.library.wisc.edu/gwslibrarian/bibliographies/disrupting-whiteness-in-libraries/.

Dohe, Kate. “Care, Code, and Digital Libraries: Embracing Critical Practice in Digital Library Communities.” In the Library with the Lead Pipe, February 20, 2019. https://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2019/digital-libraries-critical-practice-in-communities/.

Duff, Wendy M., Andrew Flinn, Karen Emily Suurtamm, and David A. Wallace. “Social Justice Impact of Archives: A Preliminary Investigation.” Archival Science 13, no. 4 (December 2013): 317–48. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-012-9198-x.

Dunbar, Anthony W. “Introducing Critical Race Theory to Archival Discourse: Getting the Conversation Started.” Archival Science 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 109–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-006-9022-6.

Franco, Shirley Carvalhêdo. “The Notion of Ramification of Archival Documents: The Example of the Fonds Related to the Brazilian Political Movement Araguaia Guerrilla.” The American Archivist 78, no. 1 (Spring/Summer 2015): 133–53. https://doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081.78.1.133.

Gilbert, Ellen. “Diversity and Collection Development.” Library Philosophy and Practice 1, no. 2 (Spring 1999). https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1023&context=libphilprac.

Gooda, Mick. “The Practical Power of Human Rights: How International Human Rights Standards Can Inform Archival and Record Keeping Practices.” Archival Science 12, no. 2 (June 2012): 141–50. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-011-9166-x.

Google Docs. “Value Into Action: Evaluating & Developing Monographic Collectionsfor Diversity & Inclusion.” Accessed September 3, 2020. https://drive.google.com/file/d/11034kec_tsk-ydOvkZG4XzECvKkD6mr4/view?usp=embed_facebook.

Hall, Alice, and Hannah Tweed. “Curating Care: Creativity, Women’s Work, and the Carers UK Archive.” The Journal of Contemporary Archival Studies 6 (2019): 1–19.

Harris, Verne. “The Archival Sliver: Power, Memory, and Archives in South Africa.” Archival Science 2, no. 1–2 (March 2002): 63–86. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02435631.

Helton, Laura E. “On Decimals, Catalogs, and Racial Imaginaries of Reading.” PMLA/Publications of the Modern Language Association of America 134, no. 1 (January 2019): 99–120. https://doi.org/10.1632/pmla.2019.134.1.99.

Hennessy, Kate. “Virtual Repatriation and Digital Cultural Heritage: The Ethics of Managing Online Collections.” Anthropology News 50, no. 4 (2009): 5–6. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1556-3502.2009.50405.x.

Henninger. “Multilingualism, Neoliberalism, and Language Ideologies in Libraries.” In the Library with the Lead Pipe, April 29, 2020. https://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2020/multilingualism-in-libraries/.

Herrera, Gail. “Undergraduate Library Collection Use and Diversity: Testing for Racial and Gender Differences.” Portal: Libraries and the Academy 16, no. 4 (October 6, 2016): 763–74. https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2016.0051.

Honma, Todd. “Trippin’ Over the Color Line: The Invisibility of Race in Library and Information Studies.” InterActions: UCLA Journal of Education and Information Studies 1, no. 2 (June 21, 2005). https://doi.org/10.5070/D412000540.

Howarth, Lynne C., and Emma Knight. “To Every Artifact Its Voice: Creating Surrogates for Hand-Crafted Indigenous Objects.” Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Indigenous Knowledge Organization, 53, no. 5–6 (July 4, 2015): 580–95. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2015.1008719.

Hurley, Grant. “Community Archives, Community Clouds: Enabling Digital Preservation for Small Archives.” Archivaria 81 (Spring 2016): 129–50.

Iacovino, Livia. “Rethinking Archival, Ethical and Legal Frameworks for Records of Indigenous Australian Communities: A Participant Relationship Model of Rights and Responsibilities.” Archival Science 10, no. 4 (December 1, 2010): 353–72. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-010-9120-3.

Ihekwoaba, Emmanuel Chukwudi, Roseline Ngozi Okwor, and Ogechukwu Olivia Uzowulu. “Access Provision for Students with Reading Disabilities (SRDs) in Nigerian University Libraries.” The Journal of Academic Librarianship 35 (September 2022): 1–13. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.acalib.2022.102622.

“IUPUI Diversity Statement (Not Just Collections),” n.d. https://ulib.iupui.edu/about/policies/diversity-statement.

Jachimiak, Beth. “Decolonizing the Academic Library’s Juvenile Collection.” Collection Management, Special Issue on Children’s and Young Adult Literature Collections in Academic Libraries, 46, no. 3–4 (October 2, 2021): 186–89. https://doi.org/10.1080/01462679.2020.1861492.

Jahnke, Lori M., Kyle Tanaka, and Christopher A. Palazzolo. “Ideology, Policy, and Practice: Structural Barriers to Collections Diversity in Research and College Libraries.” College & Research Libraries 83, no. 2 (March 3, 2022): 166. https://doi.org/10.5860/crl.83.2.166.

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jesus, nina de. “Locating the Library in Institutional Oppression.” In the Library with the Lead Pipe (blog), September 24, 2014. https://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2014/locating-the-library-in-institutional-oppression/.

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Luke, Stephanie M., Sara Pezzoni, and Whitney Russell. “Towards More Equitable, Diverse, and Inclusive Representation in Metadata and Digitization: A Case Study.” The Serials Librarian 82, no. 1–4 (May 1, 2022): 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361526X.2022.2040241.

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Morales, Myrna, Em Claire Knowles, and Chris Bourg. “Diversity, Social Justice, and the Future of Libraries.” Portal: Libraries and the Academy 14, no. 3 (2014): 439–51. https://doi.org/10.1353/pla.2014.0017.

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Powell, Chaitra, Holly Smith, Shanee’ Murrain, and Skyla Hearn. “This [Black] Woman’s Work: Exploring Archival Projects That Embrace the Identity of the Memory Worker.” KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies 2 (November 29, 2018): 5–5. https://doi.org/10.5334/kula.25.

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