Description and Discovery – IDEA in Collections Annotated Bibliography

Annotated Sources

Antracoli, Alexis A., Annalise Berdini, Kelly Bolding, Faith Charlton, Amanda Ferrara, Valencia Johnson, and Katy Rawdon. Archives for Black Lives in Philadelphia: Anti-Racist Description Resources. 2019.

Created by a team of largely white information professionals who work in predominantly white institutions (PWI), Archives for Black Lives in Philadelphia is a resource and recommendation for metadata procedures, addressing racist and anti-Black descriptions and structures within PWIs. Their suggestions address voice and style, community collaboration and expanding audiences, auditing of legacy descriptions and reparative processing, handling racist folder titles and creator-sourced description, describing slavery records, classification structures and subject headings, and transparency. An annotated bibliography highlights the work of others to combat racist archival description and, therefore, the repressive and violent structures within their institutions. Overall, the authors provide a guide for PWIs to begin necessary, reparative work that combats institutional investment in and perpetuation of racism through descriptions.

Alper, Bianca Finley, Isaac Fellman, and Megan Needels. “The Uncontrolled Vocabulary: Queer Archiving and the Fluidity of Language.” Descriptive Notes: The blog of the Description Section of the Society of American Archivists, December 5, 2022. https://saadescription.wordpress.com/2022/12/05/the-uncontrolled-vocabulary-queer-archiving-and-the-fluidity-of-language/.

Alper, Fellman, and Needels document their work at the Gay, Lesbian, Bisexual, Transgender (GLBT) Historical Society to reconsider the limited and anachronistic language of the Library of Congress Subject Headings (LCSH). For granular metadata terms, they rely on style guides from queer and Black, Indigenous, and Persons of Color (BIPOC) groups. To facilitate interoperability with other catalogs, they use Homosaurus and LCSH terms for generic subject headings. These terms did not override older ones used by members of the queer community; those terms were used within the description and notes, so they could be adequately contextualized for users. The authors emphasize that any changes to controlled vocabularies must keep in mind the ethics of their choices if they are to work against the restrictive precedents and systemic processes of any institution and collection. Likewise, they must remain fluid, adapting to emerging changes in definition within the communities they represent.

Frick, Rachel, and Merrilee Proffitt. Reimagine Descriptive Workflows: A Community-informed Agenda for Reparative and Inclusive Descriptive Practice. Dublin, OH: OCLC Research, 2022. https://doi.org/10.25333/wd4b-bs51.

Reimagine Descriptive Workflows offers an approach to reparative description in collections. The first half of this research report contextualizes Frick and Proffitt’s panel of experts, within collections as well as the community, and documents the complexity of engaging in reparative description work while navigating any tensions with the community and process workflows. The second half, “A Framework of Guidance,” provides actions and exercises for institutions to work through when reimagining descriptive workflows and processes. Necessarily this work must be adaptive, meeting institutional needs while honoring community needs and expectations. For example, certain tasks may take longer as the institutions seeks to (re)builds relationships with marginalized communities. Doing this work deconstructs exclusionary and discriminatory terms and systems within descriptive practices in the hopes of increasing representation within the collections as well as respecting the humanity and cultures of the people thus represented.

Howard, Sara A., and Steven A. Knowlton. “Browsing through Bias: The Library of Congress Classification and Subject Headings for African American Studies and LGBTQIA Studies.” Library Trends 67, no. 1 (Summer 2018): 74–88. https://doi.org/10.1353/lib.2018.0026.

Howard and Knowlton explore how bias is ingrained in Library of Congress Classification (LCC), which thus continues to otherize and obscure works by marginalized authors and works about marginalized communities. Most usefully, the authors reveal how LCC leans on categorization as division: many communities and the works they create are not siloed neatly into the divisions instantiated by LCC. Further, these divisions discourage interdisciplinary research. The authors suggest that library staff become experts on LCC headings, classification numbers, and keywords to advise students how best to search out materials on and about marginalized communities.

“Inclusive Description.” Society of American Archivists. https://www2.archivists.org/groups/description-section/inclusive-description.

This website affords a bibliography of resources on inclusive description practices in archives, including case studies, manuals and guidelines, research and theory (articles, academic papers, etc.), resource lists, and sample statements about harmful language in archival description.

Jahnke, Lori M., Kyle Tanaka, and Christopher A. Palazzolo. “Ideology, Policy, and Practice: Structural Barriers to Collections Diversity in Research and College Libraries.” College & Research Libraries 83, no. 2 (2022): 166–183. https://crl.acrl.org/index.php/crl/article/view/25342/33207.

Jahnke, Tanaka, and Palazzolo examine the ideologies and practices that undermine efforts to assess and advance collection diversity in libraries. Issues with collection diversity are pervasive in libraries. The authors argue that issues with description, usage reports, staffing and expertise, and budget all hinder collection diversity. These issues are exacerbated by libraries’ struggles to define what constitutes a diverse collection. Suggestions for addressing these fiscal, ideological, and systemic issues include to stay aware of and work against biases when indexing materials, to read and embody as praxis what can be learned from current research on social justice, to engage with usage or other collection data critically to avoid further marginalizing voices, to hire diverse staff and encourage the development of expertise, and to find creative or collaborative uses for libraries’ limited budgets. Tackling structural barriers may offer libraries ways of working toward more diverse collections and supporting that work for years to come.

Luke, Stephanie M., Sara Pezzoni, and Whitney Russell. “Towards More Equitable, Diverse, and Inclusive Representation in Metadata and Digitization: A Case Study.” The Serials Librarian 82, nos. 1-4 (2022): 55–62. https://doi.org/10.1080/0361526X.2022.2040241.

Luke, Pezzonoi, and Russell detail their experience at the University of Texas at Arlington (UTA) Libraries to revise digitization and metadata workflows to provide access to underrepresented voices within their collections in the wake of the Black Lives Matter movement. As part of this work, the authors worked on a committee to address issues surrounding digitization, metadata, and access, including suggesting goals for future work to increase diversity, equity, and access in UTA’s holdings. To do so, the committee identified and prioritized marginalized representations in their holdings for digitization, suggested gaps to be addressed by future acquisitions, defined harmful language in the libraries’ digital collections and catalog and reviewed other institutions’ approaches as references for how to correct language, and created a framework and procedure for reviewing content and language used in research guides and finding aids annually.

O’Neal. Jennifer R. “‘The Right to Know’: Decolonizing Native American Archives.” Journal of Western Archives 6, no. 1 (2015): Article 2. https://doi.org/10.26077/fc99-b022.

O’Neal details efforts to decolonize collections and archives, particularly in the American West. Following Vine Deloria’s “The Right to Know” (1978) as an evaluative framework, she surveys reparative work done to decolonize archives and reconnect Native American communities to their documents, working against archival exclusion, both physically and materially. She also documents efforts to develop Native American archives by and for the community as well as advocacy for the training of Native American librarians and archivists. O’Neal advocates for the inclusion of Native Americans in processing and maintaining their communities’ records and for recognition of the limitations of Western archival theoretical frameworks for Native American collections. She also suggests combining archival theory and processing with the United Nations Declaration of the Rights of Indigenous Peoples (UNDRIP). O’Neal underscores the necessity of access, collaboration, healing, reconciliation, and restoration for decolonization to succeed.

Powell, Chaitra, Holly Smith, Shanee’ Murrain, and Shyla Hearn. “This [Black] Woman’s Work: Exploring Archival Projects that Embrace the Identity of the Memory Worker.” KULA: Knowledge Creation, Dissemination, and Preservation Studies 2, no. 1 (2018): Article 5. https://doi.org/10.5334/kula.25.

Powell, Smith, Murrain, and Hearn look through their experiences as Black women archivists in distinct organizations to uncover ways that archives, institutions, and the archival profession can support and sustain Black community archives. They approach this exploration in four sections: advocacy, collaboration, truth, and agency. Each reflects a central approach in each respective author’s experience with Black archives. Each finds ways of connecting the Black community to the archive, involving voices typically erased from or excluded from participating in shaping collection procedures or exhibition curation, for example. This work can be reparative and restorative, though as the authors acknowledge, the work is ongoing. What is required is organizations reassessing and adjusting themselves to partner with Black communities and intentionally re-invest in community relationships fiscally, procedurally, and ideologically.

Thorpe, Kirsten. “Transformative Praxis – Building Spaces for Indigenous Self-Determination in Libraries and Archives.” In the Library with the Lead Pipe: An Open Access, Open Peer Reviewed Journal. January 23, 2019. https://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2019/transformative-praxis/.

Thorpe shows a possible way toward decolonizing and Indigenizing libraries and archives as well as their practices. In particular, Thorpe advocates for Indigenous self-determination in libraries and archives, enabling Indigenous persons to participate in and influence historical narratives, protocols, and representation. Drawing on Martin Nakata’s Indigenous Standpoint Theory and Cultural Interface, autoethnography, and Indigenous critical theory, Thorpe encourages libraries and archives to apply Indigenous research methodologies critically; adopt the United Nations Declaration on the Rights of Indigenous Peoples as a framework for policy and project changes; seek input from communities on programming, research, and protocols as well as what to prioritize when decolonizing and Indigenizing collections; critically reflect on and decolonize organizational structures; ethically engage with Indigenous communities on decision-making; commit to the hard work of reallocating labor, time, and resources to decolonize and Indigenize collections; and advocate for professional associations to incorporate Indigenous perspectives.

Kauffman, Rhonda Y., and Anderson. Martina S. “Diversity, Inclusion, and Social Justice in Library Technical Services.” In Library Technical Services: Adapting to a Changing Environment, ed. Stacey Marien, 213–237. Purdue University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctvs1g8h5.

In this book chapter, Kauffman and Anderson draw on initiatives by the Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT) Libraries to advance diversity, inclusion, and social justice (DISJ) across the libraries’ collections work. The authors begin by discussing the DISJ framework as developed at MIT Libraries and how it applies to technical services. They discuss how management can empower technical services staff to enhance the ways in which the library collects and makes discoverable content by or about underrepresented groups through not merely splashy special projects but also routine back-of-house labor (e.g., incorporating non–Library of Congress vocabularies into cataloging practices). The chapter features job profiles for metadata specialists, acquisitions assistants, technical services managers, and other staff in an effort to “provide concrete examples for how technical services staff can apply these visionary ideas to their daily job activities.”

Drabinski, Emily. “Queering the Catalog: Queer Theory and the Politics of Correction.” The Library Quarterly 83, no. 2 (April 2013): 94–111. https://doi.org/10.1086/669547.

Drabinski brings a lens of queer theory to the work of library classification and cataloging. She proposes that “the problems of bias in library classification structures and subject language are, from a queer perspective, problems endemic to the knowledge organization project itself.” If so, library workers cannot just “correct” catalog records to reduce bias and enhance representation of marginalized groups in library classification structures and controlled vocabularies. Drabinski adopts the lens of queer theory to propose interventions that “highlight the constructed nature of classification structures and controlled vocabularies” and “invite the user to grapple with it,” for example, by exposing related terms in search results or facilitating creation of folksonomies. Finally, the author encourages public services librarians to “teach patrons to dialogically engage the catalog as a complex and biased text, just as critical catalogers do.” Cited more than 300 times in the literature, Drabinski’s article remains influential in library IDEA discourse.

Additional Resources

Aase, Lara. “There Is No View From Nowhere: User Experience Research at the Center of Southwest Studies Library.” Collection Management, Sharing Knowledge and Smashing Stereotypes: Representing Native American, First Nation, and Indigenous Realities in Library Collections, 42, no. 3–4 (October 2, 2017): 139–58. https://doi.org/10.1080/01462679.2017.1328324.

Acevedo, Oriana, and Ellen Forsyth. “What If I Speak Another Language? Many Libraries, Many Languages.” Journal of the Australian Library and Information Association 70, no. 1 (January 2, 2021): 75–83. https://doi.org/10.1080/24750158.2021.1875560.

Adler, Melissa. “Classification along the Color Line: Excavating Racism in the Stacks.” Journal of Critical Library and Information Studies 1, no. 1 (2017): 1–32. https://doi.org/DOI: 1024242/JCLIS.V1I1.17.

———. Cruising the Library: Perversities in the Organization of Knowledge. New York: Fordham University Press, 2017. https://www.worldcat.org/title/1136550407.

———. Cruising the Library: Perversities in the Organization of Knowledge. Fordham University Press, 2017. https://doi.org/10.2307/j.ctt1xhr79m.

———. “Gender Expression in a Small World: Social Tagging of Transgender-Themed Books.” Proceedings of the American Society for Information Science and Technology 50, no. 1 (2013): 1–8. https://doi.org/10.1002/meet.14505001081.

———. “The Case for Taxonomic Reparations.” Knowledge Organization 43, no. 8 (2016): 630–40. https://doi.org/10.5771/0943-7444-2016-8-630.

———. “Transcending Library Catalogs: A Comparative Study of Controlled Terms in Library of Congress Subject Headings and User-Generated Tags in LibraryThing for Transgender Books.” Journal of Web Librarianship 3, no. 4 (November 23, 2009): 309–31. https://doi.org/10.1080/19322900903341099.

Adler, Melissa A. “‘Let’s Not Homosexualize the Library Stacks’: Liberating Gays in the Library Catalog.” Journal of the History of Sexuality 24, no. 3 (September 2015): 478–507. https://doi.org/10.7560/JHS24306.

———. “The ALA Task Force on Gay Liberation: Effecting Change in Naming and Classification of GLBTQ Subjects.” Advances in Classification Research Online 23, no. 1 (January 30, 2013): 1. https://doi.org/10.7152/acro.v23i1.14226.

Algorithms of Oppression. Accessed May 17, 2023. https://nyupress.org/9781479837243/algorithms-of-oppression.

Alper, Bianca Finley, Isaac Fellman, and Megan Needels. “The Uncontrolled Vocabulary: Queer Archiving and the Fluidity of Language.” Descriptive Notes (blog), December 5, 2022. https://saadescription.wordpress.com/2022/12/05/the-uncontrolled-vocabulary-queer-archiving-and-the-fluidity-of-language/.

Antracoli, Alexis A., Annalise Berdini, Kelly Bolding, Faith Charlton, Amanda Ferrara, Valencia Johnson, and Katy Rawdon. “Archives for Black Lives in Philadelphia: Anti-Racist Description Resources.” Archives for Black Lives, October 2019. https://archivesforblacklives.files.wordpress.com/2019/10/ardr_final.pdf.

Arroyo-Ramirez, Elvia. “Invisible Defaults and Perceived Limitations: Processing the Juan Gelman Files.” On Archivy (blog), October 31, 2016. https://medium.com/on-archivy/invisible-defaults-and-perceived-limitations-processing-the-juan-gelman-files-4187fdd36759.

Bardenheier, Penelope, Elizabeth H. Wilkinson, and Hēmi Dale (Te Rarawa, Te Aupōuri). “Ki Te Tika Te Hanga, Ka Pakari Te Kete: With the Right Structure We Weave a Strong Basket.” Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Indigenous Knowledge Organization, 53, no. 5–6 (July 4, 2015): 496–519. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2015.1008716.

Bates, Jo, and Jennifer Rowley. “Social Reproduction and Exclusion in Subject Indexing: A Comparison of Public Library Opacs and Librarything Folksonomy.” Journal of Documentation 67, no. 3 (April 26, 2011): 431–48. https://doi.org/10.1108/00220411111124532.

Baucom, Erin. “An Exploration into Archival Descriptions of LGBTQ Materials.” The American Archivist 81, no. 1 (March 2018): 65–83. https://doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081-81.1.65.

Beall, Jeffrey. “Ethnic Groups and Library of Congress Subject Headings.” Colorado Libraries 4, no. 37 (2006): 37–44.

Benoit, Edward. “#MPLP Part 2: Replacing Item-Level Metadata with User-Generated Social Tags.” The American Archivist 81, no. 1 (2018): 38–64. https://doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081-81.1.38.

Berry, Dorothy. “Digitizing and Enhancing Description Across Collections to Make African American Materials More Discoverable on Umbra Search African American History / Dorothy Berry – The Design for Diversity Learning Toolkit.” The Design for Diversity Learning Toolkit (blog), August 2, 2018. https://des4div.library.northeastern.edu/digitizing-and-enhancing-description-across-collections-to-make-african-american-materials-more-discoverable-on-umbra-search-african-american-history/.

———. “Hide and Seek: Organizing Hidden Collections.” Los Angeles Archivists Collective (blog), September 8, 2017. https://www.laacollective.org/work/hide-and-seek-organizing-hidden-collections-for-umbra-search-african-american-history.

———. “Umbra Search African American History: Aggregating African American Digital Archives.” Items (blog), December 14, 2016. https://items.ssrc.org/parameters/umbra-search-african-american-history-aggregating-african-american-digital-archives/.

Billey, Amber. “Just Because We Can, Doesn’t Mean We Should: An Argument for Simplicity and Data Privacy With Name Authority Work in the Linked Data Environment.” Journal of Library Metadata 19, no. 1–2 (April 3, 2019): 1–17. https://doi.org/10.1080/19386389.2019.1589684.

Billey, Amber, and Emily Drabinski. “Questioning Authority: Changing Library Cataloging Standards to Be More Inclusive to a Gender Identity Spectrum.” TSQ: Transgender Studies Quarterly 6, no. 1 (February 1, 2019): 117–23. https://doi.org/10.1215/23289252-7253538.

Billey, Amber, Emily Drabinski, and K. R. Roberto. “What’s Gender Got to Do with It? A Critique of RDA 9.7.” Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 52, no. 4 (May 19, 2014): 412–21. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2014.882465.

Billey, Amber, Matthew Haugen, John Hostage, Nancy Sack, and Adam L. Schiff. “Report of the PCC Ad Hoc Task Group on Gender in Name Authority Records.” Washington, D.C.: Library of Congress, October 4, 2016. https://www.loc.gov/aba/pcc/documents/Gender_375%20field_RecommendationReport.pdf.

Biswas, Paromita. “Rooted in the Past: Use of ‘East Indians’ in Library of Congress Subject Headings.” Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 56, no. 1 (January 2, 2018): 1–18. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2017.1386253.

Biswas, Paromita, and Ann Hallyburton. “Cataloger’s Judgement: Bringing Ethical Considerations into a Fluid Space.” Presented at the ALCTS CAMMS Catalog Management Interest Group, ALA Midwinter Meeting, January 25, 2020. https://higherlogicdownload.s3-external-1.amazonaws.com/ALA/Biswas_Hallyburton_ALA.pdf?AWSAccessKeyId=AKIAVRDO7IEREB57R7MT&Expires=1675380572&Signature=UJp42SR%2B1ce9y3MiwvuDrR%2FzbXk%3D.

Blackburn, Fiona. “The Intersection Between Cultural Competence and Whiteness in Libraries.” In the LIbrary with the Lead Pipe (blog), December 1, 2015. https://www.inthelibrarywiththeleadpipe.org/2015/culturalcompetence/.

Bolding, Kelly. “Reparative Processing: A Case Study in Auditing Legacy Archival Description for Racism.” Accessed February 2, 2023. https://docs.google.com/presentation/d/1MhOXx5ZlVjb_8pfvvFquMqLsUUlOHFFMT4js5EP4qnA.

Bowker, Geoffrey C., and Susan Leigh Star. Sorting Things Out: Classification and Its Consequences. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press, 2008. https://www.worldcat.org/title/699516543.

Brilmyer, Gracen. “Archival Assemblages: Applying Disability Studies’ Political/Relational Model to Archival Description.” Archival Science 18, no. 2 (June 2018): 95–118. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-018-9287-6.

Briscoe, Laura, Mare Nazaire, J. Ryan Allen, Janelle Baker, Aliya Donnell Davenport, Janet Mansaray, Carol Ann McCormick, McKenna Santiago Coyle, and Michaela Schmull. “Shining Light on Labels in the Dark: Guidelines for Offensive Collections Materials.” Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 18, no. 4 (December 2022): 506–23. https://doi.org/10.1177/15501906221130535.

Brown, Richard Harvey, and Beth Davis-Brown. “The Making of Memory: The Politics of Archives, Libraries and Museums in the Construction of National Consciousness.” History of the Human Sciences 11, no. 4 (November 1, 1998): 17–32. https://doi.org/10.1177/095269519801100402.

Bryant, Melissa. “Whāia te Mātauranga – How are Research Libraries in Aotearoa New Zealand Applying Ngā Ūpoko Tukutuku / the Māori Subject Headings and Offering Them to Users?” Masters Thesis, School of Information Management, Te Herenga Waka – Victoria University of Wellington, 2015. https://researcharchive.vuw.ac.nz/bitstream/handle/10063/4633/thesis.pdf?sequence=2.

Castron, Melissa M. “Colonialism, Computerized: The Canada Land Inventory and the Canada Geographic Information System at Library and Archives Canada.” Archivaria, no. 93 (June 9, 2022): 136–61. https://doi.org/10.7202/1089689ar.

Caswell, Michelle. “Teaching to Dismantle White Supremacy in Archives.” The Library Quarterly 87, no. 3 (July 2017): 222–35. https://doi.org/10.1086/692299.

Caswell, Michelle, Marika Cifor, and Mario H. Ramirez. “‘To Suddenly Discover Yourself Existing’: Uncovering the Impact of Community Archives.” The American Archivist 79, no. 1 (June 2016): 56–81. https://doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081.79.1.56.

Cataloging Lab. “List of Alternative Vocabularies – Cataloging Lab.” Accessed May 17, 2023. https://cataloginglab.org/list-of-alternative-vocabularies/.

Chen, Gen-Fang. “Intangible Cultural Heritage Preservation: An Exploratory Study of Digitization of the Historical Literature of Chinese Kunqu Opera Librettos.” Journal on Computing and Cultural Heritage 7, no. 1 (2014).

Chen, Sophy Shu-jiun. “A Holistic Perspective on Indigenous Digital Libraries in Taiwan.” Presented at the 2014 IFLA World Library and Information Congress, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1515/9783110363234-023.

Cherry, Alissa, and Keshav Mukunda. “A Case Study in Indigenous Classification: Revisiting and Reviving the Brian Deer Scheme.” Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Indigenous Knowledge Organization, 53, no. 5–6 (2015): 548–67. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2015.1008717.

Christen, Kimberly. “Tribal Archives, Traditional Knowledge, and Local Contexts: Why the ‘s’ Matters.” Journal of Western Archives 6, no. 1 (January 7, 2015). https://doi.org/10.26077/78d5-47cf.

Chung, Yun Shun Susie. “Collections of Historical Markers and Signage and Public Programming Online at Public History Institutions Such as Museums and Archives.” Collections: A Journal for Museum and Archives Professionals 13, no. 3–4 (September 2017): 243–63. https://doi.org/10.1177/155019061701303-404.

Cifor, Marika. “Aligning Bodies: Collecting, Arranging, and Describing Hatred for a Critical Queer Archives.” Library Trends 64, no. 4 (2016): 756–75. https://doi.org/10.1353/lib.2016.0010.

Clack, Doris Hargrett. “Subject Access to African American Studies Resources in Online Catalogs: Issues and Answers.” Cataloging & Classification Quarterly 19, no. 2 (February 14, 1995): 49–66. https://doi.org/10.1300/J104v19n02_04.

Cox, Taylor. “A Comment on the Language of Diversity.” Organization Speaking Out 1, no. 1 (1994): 51–58.

Dean, Jackie. “Conscious Editing of Archival Description at UNC-Chapel Hill.” Presented at the SAA Research Forum, August 2, 2019.

Decolonizing Descriptions: Finding, Naming and Changing the Relationship between Indigenous People, Libraries and Archives”. Webinar Presented via OCLC Research, 2017. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=w4HGdWx2WY8.

Deodato, Joseph. “Deconstructing the Library with Jacques Derrida: Creating Space for the ‘Other’ in Bibliographic Description and Classification.” In Critical Theory for Library and Information Science: Exploring the Social from Across the Disciplines, edited by Gloria J. Leckie, Lisa M. Given, and John E. Buschman, 75–87. Santa Barbara, CA: Libraries Unlimited, 2010.

Dietrick, Kate, and Lara Friedman-Shedlov. “Reexamining Descriptive Language at the University of Minnesota Archives and Special Collections.” Descriptive Notes (blog), April 29, 2021. https://saadescription.wordpress.com/2021/04/29/reexamining-descriptive-language-at-the-university-of-minnesota/.

“Disrupting Whiteness in Libraries and Librarianship: A Reading List.” Accessed February 2, 2023. https://www.library.wisc.edu/gwslibrarian/bibliographies/disrupting-whiteness-in-libraries/.

Dorothy Judith Berry. “Descriptive Equity and Clarity around Blackface Minstrelsy in HTC Collections.” Accessed February 2, 2023. https://www.dorothy-berry.com/minstrel-description.

Douglas, Jennifer. “Toward More Honest Description.” The American Archivist 79, no. 1 (June 2016): 26–55. https://doi.org/10.17723/0360-9081.79.1.26.

Douglas, Jennifer, Greg Bak, Evelyn McLellan, Seth Van Hooland, and Raymond Frogner. “Decolonizing Archival Description: Can Linked Data Help?” Proceedings of the Association for Information Science and Technology 55, no. 1 (January 2018): 669–72. https://doi.org/10.1002/pra2.2018.14505501077.

Drabinski, Emily. “Queering the Catalog: Queer Theory and the Politics of Correction.” The Library Quarterly 83, no. 2 (April 2013): 94–111. https://doi.org/10.1086/669547.

———. “Teaching the Radical Catalog.” In Radical Cataloging: Essays at the Front, edited by K. R. Roberto, 198–205. Jefferson, NC: McFarland & Co., 2008.

Drake, Jarrett M. “How Libraries Can Trump the Trend to Make America Hate Again.” On Archivy (blog), April 24, 2017. https://medium.com/on-archivy/how-libraries-can-trump-the-trend-to-make-america-hate-again-8a4170df1906.

———. “RadTech Meets RadArch: Towards A New Principle for Archives and Archival Description.” On Archivy (blog), April 7, 2016. https://medium.com/on-archivy/radtech-meets-radarch-towards-a-new-principle-for-archives-and-archival-description-568f133e4325.

Duarte, Marisa Elena, and Miranda Belarde-Lewis. “Imagining: Creating Spaces for Indigenous Ontologies.” Cataloging & Classification Quarterly, Indigenous Knowledge Organization, 53, no. 5–6 (2015): 677–702. https://doi.org/10.1080/01639374.2015.1018396.

Duff, Wendy M., and Verne Harris. “Stories and Names: Archival Description as Narrating Records and Constructing Meanings.” Archival Science 2, no. 3–4 (September 2002): 263–85. https://doi.org/10.1007/BF02435625.

Dunbar, Anthony W. “Introducing Critical Race Theory to Archival Discourse: Getting the Conversation Started.” Archival Science 6, no. 1 (March 1, 2006): 109–29. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10502-006-9022-6.

Dunham, Elizabeth, and Xaviera Flores. “Breaking the Language Barrier: Describing Chicano Archives with Bilingual Finding Aids.” The American Archivist 77, no. 2 (Fall/Winter 2014): 499–509. https://doi.org/10.17723/aarc.77.2.p66l555g15g981p6.

Duvall, Katie, Katherine Madison, and Rachel Telford. “Stuck at Home, but Not in the Past: Implementing Inclusive Description Standards in the Manuscript Division at the Library of Congress.” Descriptive Notes(blog), April 8, 2021. https://saadescription.wordpress.com/2021/04/07/implementing-inclusive-description-standards-at-the-library-of-congress/.

Elizabeth Ott [@eliz_ott]. “This Panel on Metadata and Library Interventions into Bibliographic Practice at Queer Bib Is YET AGAIN a Reminder That Minimal Description Practices Are Antithetical to Queer History. Community Informed, Ethical, Inclusive Description Requires Labor Intensive Approaches.” Tweet. Twitter, February 3, 2023. https://twitter.com/eliz_ott/status/1621519711182921733.

Fagnan, Luc. “Decolonizing Description: First Steps to Cataloguing with Indigenous Syllabics.” Pathfinder: A Canadian Journal for Information Science Students and Early Career Professionals 1, no. 1 (March 27, 2020): 33–40. https://doi.org/10.29173/pathfinder21.

Farnel, Sharon, Denise Koufogiannakis, Sheila Laroque, Ian Bigelow, Anne Carr-Wiggin, Debbie Feisst, and Kayla Lar-Son. “Rethinking Representation: Indigenous Peoples and Contexts at the University of Alberta Libraries.” The International Journal of Information, Diversity, & Inclusion 2, no. 3 (July 24, 2018). https://doi.org/10.33137/ijidi.v2i3.32190.

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